There are three basic types of soap: alkaline soap, syndet soaps and combo soaps.
 
Raw materials
 
Alkaline soaps a the product of a chemical reaction of fats and lyes
 
animal fats animal soap stock
  60-80% tallow
  40-20% coconut oil
   
vegetable fats vegetable soap stock
  60-80% palm oil
  40-20% coconut oil / olive oil
 
Syndet soaps are made of modified fatty acids.
   
synthetic raw material compounds or individual syndet
  components
  combo soaps (Alkali/Syndet)
 
Combo soaps are a mixture between alkaline soap and syndet soap
 
Composition
Typical composition of fine soap: primary soap stock, colorant, perfume oil, lubricant, additives (cream, deodorant, moisturizers)